Counselor Education Comprehensive Exam (CECE) Practice Exam

Which theory is most associated with irrational thoughts?

1. Gestalt therapy

2. Reality therapy

3. Rational emotive behavior therapy

4. Cognitive therapy

The correct answer is: Rational emotive behavior therapy

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) is closely associated with irrational thoughts because it specifically focuses on identifying and challenging these thoughts to change emotional responses and behaviors. Developed by Albert Ellis, REBT posits that it is not the events in our lives that disturb us, but rather the beliefs we hold about those events. By recognizing these irrational beliefs—often characterized by demands, catastrophizing, and "should" statements—clients can learn to replace them with more rational, flexible, and positive thoughts. This process is believed to lead to healthier emotional outcomes and improved coping strategies. In the context of the other therapies mentioned, while they may address thoughts and behaviors, they do not emphasize the identification and restructuring of irrational thoughts to the extent that REBT does. Gestalt therapy focuses more on present awareness and experiences rather than belief systems. Reality therapy emphasizes making better choices and taking responsibility, often without delving into irrational beliefs. Cognitive therapy does address thoughts but is generally broader in its approach and may not specifically target irrational thoughts in the same explicit manner as REBT.