Counselor Education Comprehensive Exam (CECE) Practice Exam

In quantitative research, which of the following is predominantly used to test hypotheses?

1. Qualitative analysis

2. Statistical methods

3. Content analysis

4. Thematic coding

The correct answer is: Statistical methods

In quantitative research, statistical methods are predominantly used to test hypotheses. This is because quantitative research seeks to establish relationships, measure variables, and generalize findings across populations using numerical data. Statistical methods allow researchers to analyze this data systematically, enabling them to determine whether the results support or refute specific hypotheses. These methods derive insights from sample data, often applying inferential statistics to draw conclusions about larger populations. Techniques such as t-tests, ANOVAs, regression analysis, and chi-square tests are common in this context, providing researchers with the tools to assess the strength and significance of their findings. While qualitative analysis, content analysis, and thematic coding are valuable in qualitative research contexts for exploring and interpreting non-numerical data, they do not serve the same purpose in hypothesis testing as statistical methods do in quantitative research. Thus, the reliance on statistical approaches in quantitative research is crucial for validating hypotheses and supporting research conclusions with sufficient evidence.